Osteotomy is initiated as palatal as possible with 1.2 mm pilot drill, followed by 1.0/1.6 mm bone expander (Fig.2).  There is more than 40 Ncm when 1.7/3.1 mm bone expander is being used.  Drills are used for further osteotomy for a 4.0 mm implant.  Sinus lift is finished using autogenous bone and Osteogen as well as 2.4/3.7 mm bone expander 2 mm deeper than before (Fig.3).  

Bone Expanders for Sinus Lift Last Next Xin Wei, DDS, PhD, MS 1st edition 12/21/2015, last revision 03/01/2021